Associations of circulating very-long-chain saturated fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2018 ; 109: 1216-1223.
Fretts AM, Imamura F, Marklund M, Micha R, Wu JHY, Murphy RA, Chien KL, McKnight B, Tintle N, Forouhi NG, Qureshi WT, Virtanen JK, Wong K, Wood AC, Lankinen M, Rajaobelina K, Harris TB, Djoussé L, Harris B, Wareham NJ, Steffen LM, Laakso M, Veenstra J, Samieri C, Brouwer IA, Yu CI, Koulman A, Steffen BT, Helmer C, Sotoodehnia N, Siscovick D, Gudnason V, InterAct Consortium InterAct Consortium, Wagenknecht L, Voutilainen S, Tsai MY, Uusitupa M, Kalsbeek A, Berr C, Mozaffarian D, Lemaitre RN
DOI : 10.1093/ajcn/nqz005
PubMed ID : 30982858
PMCID : PMC6500926
URL : https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/109/4/1216/5455614
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of different chain lengths have unique metabolic and biological effects, and a small number of recent studies suggest that higher circulating concentrations of the very-long-chain SFAs (VLSFAs) arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0) are associated with a lower risk of diabetes. Confirmation of these findings in a large and diverse population is needed.
We investigated the associations of circulating VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 with incident type 2 diabetes in prospective studies.
Twelve studies that are part of the Fatty Acids and Outcomes Research Consortium participated in the analysis. Using Cox or logistic regression within studies and an inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis across studies, we examined the associations of VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 with incident diabetes among 51,431 participants.
There were 14,276 cases of incident diabetes across participating studies. Higher circulating concentrations of 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 were each associated with a lower risk of incident diabetes. Pooling across cohorts, the RR (95% CI) for incident diabetes comparing the 90th percentile to the 10th percentile was 0.78 (0.70, 0.87) for 20:0, 0.84 (0.77, 0.91) for 22:0, and 0.75 (0.69, 0.83) for 24:0 after adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, adiposity, and other health factors. Results were fully attenuated in exploratory models that adjusted for circulating 16:0 and triglycerides.
Results from this pooled analysis indicate that higher concentrations of circulating VLSFAs 20:0, 22:0, and 24:0 are each associated with a lower risk of diabetes.