Cardiovascular risk factors and incident albuminuria in screen-detected type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews 2016 ; 33: .
Webb DR, Zaccardi F, Davies MJ, Griffin SJ, Wareham NJ, Simmons RK, Rutten GE, Sandbaek A, Lauritzen T, Borch-Johnsen K, Khunti K
DOI : 10.1002/dmrr.2877
PubMed ID : 28029211
PMCID : PMC6175057
URL : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dmrr.2877
Abstract
It is unclear whether cardiovascular risk factor modification influences the development of renal disease in people with type 2 diabetes identified through screening. We determined predictors of albuminuria 5 years after a diagnosis of screen-detected diabetes within the ADDITION-Europe study, a pragmatic cardiovascular outcome trial of multifactorial cardiovascular risk management.
In 1826 participants with newly diagnosed, screen-detected diabetes without albuminuria, we explored associations between risk of new albuminuria (≥2.5 mg mmol for males and ≥3.5 mg mmol for females) and (1) baseline cardio-metabolic risk factors and (2) changes from baseline to 1 year in systolic blood pressure (ΔSBP) and glycated haemoglobin (ΔHbA ) using logistic regression.
Albuminuria developed in 268 (15%) participants; baseline body mass index and active smoking were independently associated with new onset albuminuria in 5 years after detection of diabetes. In a model adjusted for age, gender, baseline HbA and blood pressure, a 1% decrease in HbA and 5-mm Hg decrease in SBP during the first year were independently associated with lower risks of albuminuria (odds ratio), 95% confidence interval: 0.76, 0.62 to 0.91 and 0.94, 0.88 to 1.01, respectively. Further adjustment did not materially change these estimates. There was no interaction between ΔSBP and ΔHbA in relation to albuminuria risk, suggesting likely additive effects on renal microvascular disease.
Baseline measurements and changes in HbA and SBP a year after diagnosis of diabetes through screening independently associate with new onset albuminuria 4 years later. Established multifactorial treatment for diabetes applies to cases identified through screening.